1) What is the message of this cartoon?
-In this cartoon, Brezhnev and Kosygin are on top of a tank that has Hungary, Poland, Bulgaria, East Germany, Czechoslovakia and Romania inside the Tank. This implies that Brezhnev and Kosygin are the two leaders that are in charge of those East European countries and have full control of them. President Nixon is climbing down a ladder, with his arm reaching out to the Eastern European countries, in the hope to save them from being drawn to Communist forces, and to try and get them to become USA, a capitalist nation’s ally.
3) According to Judt, what were the results of Ostpolitik for the two Germanys?
-Contact and communication between the two Germanys became very frequent, common
-Families in West/East reunited
-Release to the west of political prisoners
-Ostpolitik reflect the Communists’ growing confidence in the West Germany policy of ‘stability’ and ‘no surprises’
-UN finally recognised East and West Germany as sovereign states
-By 1974, GDR was recognised diplomatically by 80 countries (including USA)
4)
a) Read Sources A and B. What was the attitude of the Soviets towards:
Basket 1 of the Helsinki Agreement?
b) Compare and contrast the points made in Source B with those made in Source A
c) According to John Mason (Source C), what impact did Basket 3 have on the detente process? What do you think Kissinger would have said about this?
d)According to Tony Judt (Source D), what was the impact of Basket 3 on the USSR?
5) What is the message of this cartoon?
-This cartoon shows USSR pouring another glass of ‘detente’ for the USA, demonstrating that USSR did something, tricking USA into having to use detente once again to prevent Communist powers spreading internationally. This cartoon also shows the nature of USSR’s corrupted government-their unreliability and scheming nature.
7)
-In this cartoon, Brezhnev and Kosygin are on top of a tank that has Hungary, Poland, Bulgaria, East Germany, Czechoslovakia and Romania inside the Tank. This implies that Brezhnev and Kosygin are the two leaders that are in charge of those East European countries and have full control of them. President Nixon is climbing down a ladder, with his arm reaching out to the Eastern European countries, in the hope to save them from being drawn to Communist forces, and to try and get them to become USA, a capitalist nation’s ally.
3) According to Judt, what were the results of Ostpolitik for the two Germanys?
-Contact and communication between the two Germanys became very frequent, common
-Families in West/East reunited
-Release to the west of political prisoners
-Ostpolitik reflect the Communists’ growing confidence in the West Germany policy of ‘stability’ and ‘no surprises’
-UN finally recognised East and West Germany as sovereign states
-By 1974, GDR was recognised diplomatically by 80 countries (including USA)
4)
a) Read Sources A and B. What was the attitude of the Soviets towards:
Basket 1 of the Helsinki Agreement?
- Saw Basket 1 to enshrine the concepts of national sovereignty and non-interference, which would be good for Moscow (help USSR gain recognition of the post-war frontiers)
- Argued that Basket 3 would legitimise the growing foreign interference in Soviet internal affairs
- Brezhnev said that Basket 3 would allow another to dictate how they should manage their internal affairs and this should not be allowed as it is within a countries’ own right to manage themselves
b) Compare and contrast the points made in Source B with those made in Source A
- Source B provides a more holistic view on the Helsinki agreements, all 3 baskets altogether. It looks at the benefits that come from agreeing with the Helsinki agreements, as well as the disadvantages that comes from agreeing with the Helsinki agreements, then decides whether it should be signed or not (objective)
- Source A provides a more personal, and emotionally-led perspective on the Helsinki agreement, by someone whom is directly affected by the Helsinki agreement (subjective)
c) According to John Mason (Source C), what impact did Basket 3 have on the detente process? What do you think Kissinger would have said about this?
d)According to Tony Judt (Source D), what was the impact of Basket 3 on the USSR?
- It gave the people of USSR (and abroad) reason and the chance to speak out, voicing their opinions on how their country should be ruled. Ultimately, the Helsinki Agreement gave USSR international publicity, which meant that by signing it, the Moscow leaders unintentionally stopped suppression
5) What is the message of this cartoon?
-This cartoon shows USSR pouring another glass of ‘detente’ for the USA, demonstrating that USSR did something, tricking USA into having to use detente once again to prevent Communist powers spreading internationally. This cartoon also shows the nature of USSR’s corrupted government-their unreliability and scheming nature.
7)